Understanding Ap Lit 2016 Essay Samples

Understanding Ap Lit 2016 Essay Samples The Little-Known Secrets to Ap Lit 2016 Essay Samples It's not difficult to observe how those lenses would produce the exam impossible to standardize and reliably assess. Your exam is broken into portions. This can help you get acquainted with the exam experience so that you'll feel more comfortable on exam day! Before entering any AP class, it's ideal to read over the training course overview and become acquainted with the exam. These can vary in quality based on the caliber of the review book, so make sure to look for reviews online of any book before you purchase it. Writing at that amount of mastery demands hard work. It's very beneficial to take writing apart so as to see just the way that it accomplishes its objectives. Instead of worrying about passing a class, and all the things which you have to do as a way to succeed, you need to try to just understand what it is that you are learning, together with your creativity and passion. Using Ap Lit 2016 Essay Samples Attempt to select the best devices to back up your argument that you are able to. If you cannot determine what the question is, return and reread the prompt. Certainty and doubt go together because an excessive amount of certainty can earn an individual close-minded and ignorant. In case the answer is yes, attempt to structure your argument in order for your points build off one another. How the poem is in 2nd person also raises the intimacy of the poem. Tie every claim you make to a bit of evidence to make sure the ideal essay possible. Instead, you would like to analyze the essay and make certain your claim is supported. Bridget's essay is extremely strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. Stephen's essay is quite effective. However, this isn't the only scene where Hamlet acts existentially. When you're writing an English essay, you have zero chance to verify your paper by another individual. And that will surely lift the engagement of the author and the caliber of the writing. The evidence is a significant portion of your essay. Rhetorical analysis addresses the author and his intentions. The Ap Lit 2016 Essay Samples Trap The tiny note at the conclusion of the prompt about avoiding plot summary is quite important. Sooner or later, Hamlet turns out to be an exceedingly existential character. Consult your parents to spell out the rear row to you. The second point, that making connections is a sort of thinking which can be taught, cannot be proven until the very first point has been sufficiently supported. Utilizing the most energy efficient means to bring oxygen in to your entire body, while in addition practicing positive imagery can create a huge impact in your life. The term synthesis is understood to be a blend of elements to form a connected whole. The ma jority of us in daily life aren't writing for a specific person or audience, but rather for someone known as the overall reader. Even though there are just two short paragraphs, there's a great deal of room for confusion here. Occasionally it's helpful to observe how others were able to get over the difficult first-line hump. No really, it is a very good idea. Only that you need to remember that both sides are arguable, pick one, and stick with it. Prompt consists of an article that you've got to synthesize. Frequently, it includes a text you should analyze. In the English classroom, though, a text has traditionally been a slice of literature. Based on your assignment, you may have to pick a key text. Convince your reader that you're right. Keep the overall reader in mind as you write. Extra info or tangents will merely hinder your essay. There's no neutral, objective direction of reading a literary text. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it might be appropriate that you provide an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). You'll observe a similar structure in several of the essays. The organization is easily the most significant part a synthesis, so try out more than 1 format.

Gender Stereotyping Associated With Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is commonly known to be as a female problem in the world. However, men are also in risk for such mental illness as well. Although statistically females do have a higher ratio of developing AN, men should deserve the same recognition for being equally in danger. The gender stereotyping in our culture leads to the emphasized focus for females in AN. Little attention has been paid to this imbalance while majority of the researches are done in general questions about AN such as causes and treatments, and most case studies are done with female subjects (Soban, 2006). To investigate more about inequalities between gender in AN, my question for the research is how are men isolated from AN by gender stereotyping? Gender stereotyping is camouflaged in our daily lives, but we can identify it by thinking critically. As Burke states in his essay, Terministic Screens, â€Å"Even if any given terminology is a reflection of reality, by its very nature as a terminology it must be a selection of reality; and to this extent it must function also as a deflection of reality† (Burke, n.d.). One of my evidence, a brochure titled Anorexia by the Counseling and Psychological Services of Oregon State University, provides a good demonstration of selection of reality by specifically mentioning ‘she’ rather than ‘he or she’. In there, the author has chosen only to write about females, which ignores the possibility of male AN patients. This is then a deflection of reality. In WhatShow MoreRelatedEssay about Eating Disorders: A Feminist Issue1575 Words   |  7 Pagesan effort to understand the prevalence of eating disorders among women. Fat is sexual in women. . . to ask women to become unnaturally thin is to ask them to relinquish their sexuality (Wolf, 193). Women who develop eating disorders, especially anorexia, are denying their sexuality and natural female body. Bordo (1993) explains this phenomena as a rejection of the patriarchal mold for females. Disidentification with the maternal body, far form symbolizing reduced power, may symbolize freedomRead MoreGender And Gender Roles1456 Words   |  6 Pagesage, people are told who they must be and how they must act determined by their gender. Gender roles are a set of societal norms that dictate a person’s behavior based on the appropriate and acceptable rules for their gender. This notion derives from the assumption that girls favor dolls and dress-up, while boys prefer toy guns and trucks. These instances contribute to the concept that those of male and female gender must fulfill a specific ideology. These societal standards are ingrained withinRead MoreFactors for Abnormal Behavior. 1798 Words   |  8 Pages1. To what extent do biological, cognitive, and sociocultural factors influence abnormal behavior? †¢ Biological †¢ Genetic predisposition (e.g. depression, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa) †¢ Imbalance of neurotransmitters (anorexia nervosa and depression – serotonin, schizophrenia – depression †¢ Hormones (anorexia nervosa: cortisol, orexin) †¢ Cognitive †¢ Cognitive theorists believe that abnormality is caused by unrealistic, distorted or irrational understanding, perceptions and thoughts about oneselfRead MoreUnderstanding Mental Ill Health Essay2557 Words   |  11 Pagessituation that usually poses little or no actual danger. Exposure to the object or situation brings about an immediate reaction, causing the person to endure intense anxiety (nervousness) or to avoid the object or situation entirely. The distress associated with the phobia and/or the need to avoid the object or situation can significantly interfere with the persons ability to function. Adults with a specific phobia recognize that the fear is excessive or unreasonable, yet are unable to overcome itRead MoreReality Tv Influence Youth Behavior1932 Words   |  8 Pagesdepends on the child’s attention span, how they would process the information and of course their own e experience however limited this may be. Reality television can affect the attitudes and behaviors of children all over the U.S. through its stereotyping, violence and cultivating false perception of reality. This differs from family to family and depends on the values instilled in the child. While media manipulates the minds of youth and teens, the value portrayed on reality television byRead MoreMental Illness Has Plagued The World For Hundreds Of Years.1889 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world for hundreds of years. With mental illnesses came the increasing stigmatization towards them. Stigmatize is to â€Å"describe or regard as worthy of disgrace or great disapproval† (Oxford Dictionary) and a stigma is simply â€Å"a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person† (Oxford Dictionary). According to the US President’s Commission on Mental Health the stigmatization of mental illness has grown with the spread of media (qtd. Wahl 343). The problems society isRead MoreA Common Outlook On Mental Illness1983 Words   |  8 Pagesways. The most obvious is individual discrimination—for example, when a person rejects a job application or refuses to rent an apartment to a person with a mental illness. However, there a re also more subtle mechanisms through which labeling and stereotyping lead to negative outcomes. One of these is structural discrimination, in which institutional practices work to the disadvantage of stigmatized groups, even in the absence of purposeful discrimination by individuals. For example, schizophrenia receivesRead MorePornography And Sexual Aggression By The Media2242 Words   |  9 Pagespositively. If instead both react to violence against women as a negative connotation, viewers will be more likely to defame and combat the desire for violence aligned with females. In a study conducted by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders they concluded that â€Å"The body type portrayed in advertising as the ideal is possessed naturally by only 5% of American females.’ (ANAD.org) The United States Census, as of July 2014, states that there are 162 million women inRead MoreAdvertising Stereotype2544 Words   |  11 Pagesindustries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation. But stereotypes can be problematic. They can: reduce a wide range of differences in people to simplistic categorizations transform assumptions about particular groups of people intoRead MoreEvaluating Attainment by Children: Bridging Conspicuous Consumption with Fundamental Elements of Obtaining Commodities 1747 Words   |  7 Pagesservice, causing the parent or caregiver to succumb to the wants and desires of the child under their care (Barbaro Earp, 2008; Kurnit, 2005; Soni Singh, 2012; Preston, 2005). Marketing aims at imposing cultural normalities (Preston, 2005) and gender roles that children identify with early in development (Tepperman Curtis, 2011, p. 101; Tepperman, Albanese, Curtis, 2014, p. 57). For example, Barbie the doll, through film and toy imitations, represents feminineness (Tepperman Curtis, 2011

Service Dominant Logic of Marketing †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Service Dominant Logic of Marketing. Answer: Introduction: The servicescape is an environment where sellers and buyers interact. The servicescape elements are composed of three dimensions (Achroll and Kotler 2014).These dimensions are ambient conditions, signs, symbols and artifacts and spatial layout and functionality (Wirtz 2012). The purpose of the service environments is to enhance the image of the process of service delivery and the service elements are a part of the value proposition of the business. The service environment also helps in positioning and differentiation of the service delivery process. The elements of the servicescape model are designed by companies to create incredible experience for customers during the service delivery process and to affect the behavior of the buyer during the encounter of services (Chathoth et al. 2013). Ambient Conditions are elements of the service environment which cater to the five senses of customers. The ambient conditions should be carefully and cleverly designed to elicit desired behavioral responses from customers during the process of service encounter (Lovelock 2011).The ambient conditions which include lightning and color schemes, sounds such as noise and music, temperature and scents, size and shape perceptions are perceived by customers during the process of service delivery. The ambient conditions of Sunway Pyramid Hotel, Malaysia are discussed below. The lighting of the Sunway Pyramid Hotel is more than just illumination. The lightning of the entrance of the hotel and the hotel lobby look fabulous and have a strong impact on the experience of the customers as soon as they enter the hotel. The lightning of the Sunway Pyramid Hotel which is used in the premier rooms, clubs and suites and the villas are vibrant and enchanting which compliment the dcor of these places like the artwork, architecture and the furniture of the rooms. Lighting used in the Sunway Pyramid Hotel are of three types i)Task lighting which are used in the hotel to facilitate serving of food, reading, computing and other tasks. These are bright and direct lights. ii) Ambient lighting is the soft lighting which is used in the Sunway Pyramid hotel which makes activities like a conversation or watching of television comfortable and soothing. Accent lighting is used in the hotel to attract attention of customers to particular design elements of the hotel like archite cture, painting and sculpture. The accent lighting of the hotel creates drama and mood for the customers during the service delivery process (sunwayhotels.com 2017). Colors schemes play an important role on the emotions and behavior of the customers during a service delivery process. Colors can impact the perception of well being of customers (Wilson et al. 2012). The colors used in the entrance, lobby , rooms and suits, dining spaces, meeting rooms of the Sunway Pyramid hotel are vibrant and carry symbolic meaning which the visitors recognize subconsciously. The colors used within the hotel premises make it a place for hospitality, comfort and relaxation. The hotel makes use of earthy colors like browns and natural colors like various shades of white, green, and blues. The curtains used in the rooms are of bright colors like red which symbolizes energy and passion (sunwayhotels.com 2017). The temperature used in the Sunway Pyramid hotel is comfortable and made customers feel relaxed while enjoying joyful moments. The hotel is fully air-conditioned; however the authority of the hotel regulates the temperature of the hotel premises depending on the season and customers preference. It is ensured that customers neither shiver due to cold temperature nor do they feel sweaty due to hot temperature. Thus an optimum temperature is maintained within the premises of the hotel (sunwayhotels.com 2017). The background music used within the premises of the Sunway Pyramid hotel is an integral part of the brand identity of the hotel. The music played in the hotel is in alignment with the theme of the hotel, has a positive impact on the mind of customers and ensures that they feel the inner desire to stay back in the hotel in future. The music of the hotel room is changed according to various occasions, like different music is played during wedding events, dining and business meetings ( sunwayhotels.com 2017). Spatial Layout and Functionality Spatial Layout refers to the size and shape of furnishings, architecture, and the floor plan, wall decor of the business space and the techniques of the arrangement. Functionality is the ability of special layout to make the process of service transaction easier. These two dimensions of servicescape elements determine the user friendliness and enhance the experience of customers during service encounter (Lusch and Vargo 2014). The choice of the floor plan and design, architecture and dcor of the entrance hall, lobby, wedding halls, dining halls and hotel rooms of the Sunway Pyramid hotel are purposeful, illusionary and dreamlike. The hotel makes use of attractive green artificial flowers to decorate the dining space and wedding halls. The floor planning is a professionally designed to make optimal use of the hotel space. For instance, the Grand Lagoon Ballroom of the Sunway Pyramid hotel is pillar-free, has dressing rooms and built-in washrooms, wireless and wired technology for communication, a four-tonne cargo lift, four hotel lifts, three function room lifts, two passenger escalators and a private lobby. The hotel has auditoriums with theatre-style seating arrangement, seven board rooms and meeting rooms, Sunway Pyramid Convention centers and twelve function rooms with spectacular view of Theme Parks ( sunwayhotels.com 2017). The elegant foyer of the Grand Lagoon Ballroom overlooks the skyline of Sunway Resort City and can accommodate up to 2000 guests. The majestic interiors, high ceiling and pillar free layout makes the ballroom the most preferred location in Kuala Lumpur to organize prestigious events, weddings and gala dinners. The Convention Centers are ideal for events like exhibitions, weddings, concerts and annual dinners. The Resort Caf provides amazing dining experience to customers and the functionality of the spatial layout in this caf reflects Malaysian and Asian culture. The floor plan of the villas of the hotel is amazing as the villas are equipped with private plunge pools where guests can enjoy amazing private pool time. Sunway Pyramid hotel has different attractions near to the hotel premises like Sunway Lagoon Theme Park; Sunway Pyramid shopping whose functionality is to increase the fun time for customers during their stay in the hotel (sunwayhotels.com 2017). Signs, Symbols and Artifacts The signs, artifacts and symbols are signals to help customers find their way during a service delivery process. The signs, symbols and artifacts used in the service environment communicate the image of the firm to customers and help customers to navigate easy through service environment. Customers try to develop insights the signs, artifacts and symbols used in the service environment of a firm. However, the challenge lies in guiding customers during the entire process of service delivery. For instance, unclear signals used in the service environment can create anxiety and confusion among customers and fail to obtain desired results (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully 2013). The sings, symbols and artifacts of the Sunway Pyramid hotel are carefully used so that visitors and guest can navigate within ease in the hotel premises. The signs and symbols help customers to find their way to staircase, elevators, washrooms, emergency exit and provide direction to locate important places within the hotel premises like the conference room, the ball room, the auditorium, the meeting rooms ,the function rooms, restaurants, he dining space, bars and cafes(sunwayhotels.com 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded that the elements of the service environment cant be optimized in isolation; the design of the elements of the sevicesape is dependent on one another and is holistic in characteristics. References Achroll, R.S. and Kotler, P., 2014. The service-dominant logic for marketing.The service-dominant logic of marketing: Dialog, debate, and directions,320. Chathoth, P., Altinay, L., Harrington, R.J., Okumus, F. and Chan, E.S., 2013. Co-production versus co-creation: A process based continuum in the hotel service context.International Journal of Hospitality Management,32, pp.11-20. Lovelock, C., 2011.Services Marketing, 7/e. Pearson Education India. Lusch, R.F. and Vargo, S.L., 2014.The service-dominant logic of marketing: Dialog, debate, and directions. Routledge. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. sunwayhotels.com. 2017.Sunway Pyramid Hotel. [online] Available at: https://www.sunwayhotels.com/sunwayresorthotelspa/sunway-pyramid-hotel/ [Accessed 29 Oct. 2017]. Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V.A., Bitner, M.J. and Gremler, D.D., 2012.Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm. McGraw Hill. Wirtz, J., 2012.Essentials of services marketing. FT Press.

Rachele Bland Essays - Demographics Of The United States

Rachele Bland Melton 11/20/17 Is the American Dream attainable for the non-American? INTRODUCTION: Get attention/attention-getter opening: Minorities have never met minor prejudice. Instead, they've approached American society cautiously, developing tools to unlock the doors that we've unjustly closed in front of them. Establish Credibility and Goodwill: Regardless, the flag waves with an assumption, unwavering, that we live in the land of opportunity; why? The pieces of our nation that hold small pieces of other nations within them are held back more so by our judgment than by a border or a sea. Thesis Statement: The American Dream should exist in America, rather than strictly for the American, and should represent the prosperity of our country, rather than the prosperity of our white men. Benefits Immigrants compose a large portion of our population While strides are being made in Washington towards progressive immigration laws, current regulations are still flawed There are an estimated 9 million Asian American votes; 4% of all eligible voters Immigration Modernization Act would reduce the budget deficit by $135 billion in the first decade Over the next 4 years, the number of eligible votes (Latino) nationwide is expected to increase by more than 4 million people to 27.7 million 10.4% of Latinos complete a bachelor's degree, compared with 24,4% for the entire population As a percentage of eligible voters, Latinos make up 11.3% of the population Under Plyler v. Doe, the law prohibits public schools and personnel to deny access to education based on immigration status Americans are more inclined to support than oppose legislation similar to the Dream Act now under consideration in the senate. That legislation would begin to address the status of some illegal immigrants already in the country One of the Provisions of the 2009 version of the Dream Act required that beneficiaries be between the age of 12 and 35 at the time the bill was enacted. Within a few years, undocumented students graduating from high school would again have no pathway to legislation II. Diversity The immigrant population is becoming more diverse The United States contain large proportions of immigrant populations from several different areas, of which should be provided more fair opportunities In 1960 a full 75% of the foreign-born population came from Europe, while in 2012, only 11.8% came from Europe. Asians recently surpassed Latinos as the fastest growing group of new immigrants to the United States. Asian Americans make up 5.1% of the population Immigrants occupy a large portion of our educated population: By 2020 Latinos will make up 22% of the nation's college aged population. In 2007, Latinos represented about 12% of full-time college students. Despite these statistics, Latinos still continue to graduate at much lower rates from higher education, reflecting an achievement gap. Within the Latino population, Cubans have the highest population of high school graduates enrolled in college. Guatemala, Mexico, and El Salvador represent the three largest national origin groups among undocumented population of the United States. Immigrants are adding to progressive communities of LGBTQ, women, etc. In the 1960's 2/3 of the US had populations in which less than 5% of individuals were foreign born. In 2012, 61% of our foreign born population lived in the west and south. Today, women outnumber men in foreign-born population. There are almost 1 million gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and LGBT immigrants in the US today. III. Discrimination A. Opportunities for immigrants need to be expanded, as many immigrants find it difficult to advance in the American economic sphere. 1.6 million skilled immigrants are un or underemployed More than half of the foreign born immigrants are home owners Less than one in five immigrants live in poverty Immigration reforms for undocumented citizens in five years would increase the earnings of all Americans by $618 billion in the next decade In 2010, immigrants represented 5.2% of the labor force B. Immigrants receive a bad rap and are labeled as with a criminal blanket. With the 2001 folding of immigration and naturalization services into the department of homeland security, the undocumented have become an expanding component of criminalized class. Latinas are often portrayed as attracted to public assistance and more likely to take advantage of public welfare The top 1% of Americans make more than the bottom 40% The incarceration rate for immigrant men ages 18 to 39 is 0.7% (2000) C. Immigrants find it hard to seek advancement because of their unfair treatment when reaching for educational opprotunities In 1932 US Supreme Court case Plyler v. Doe, the court held that states could not discriminate against students enrolling in K-12 public schools in the United States on the basis of their legal status. Although undocumented students can apply to most

Free Essays on Richard III Vs. Looking For Richard

Year 11 English Comparative Essay: â€Å"Richard III† vs. â€Å"Looking for Richard† The differences between McKellen’s â€Å"Richard III† and Pacino’s â€Å"Looking for Richard† should immediately be predicted when you see the first few minutes of each film. On one hand, Richard III begins with an intense gunfight, while on the other hand, in Looking for Richard; Pacino is simply preparing to perform a play. We realise one is actually supposed to be based entirely on the story (Richard III) and the other is essentially a documentary (Looking for Richard). This is easily seen within the characters also. In Richard III, there is no â€Å"Ian McKellen†, only Richard; while in Looking for Richard there is both Pacino and Richard in a sense, as we see Al Pacino playing Richard- if you catch my drift. Al Pacino is basically a character in the movie. In terms of the presentation of the actual play â€Å"Richard III† in both films, the style and setting in which they are presented are completely different also. Both Pacino and McKellen have the same idea in a sense- to portray the play Richard III in such a fashion as to be understood by the audience. In Looking for Richard, Pacino tries to find the thoughts and opinions of regular people on Shakespeare, in order to create a movie explaining (in a simplistic fashion) what â€Å"Richard III† is about. Pacino decides to use the play’s original setting in order to do this. However, in Richard III, McKellen places the play in a setting people today understand and can relate to: a dark period identical in its appearance to World War II. In terms of their success I believe Richard III does a better job of conveying the theme and story to the audience, because unlike Looking for Richard, the movie is fluent, not cutting from a scene to street talk, etc. Also, most people find the traditional setting quite confusing, the WWII setting making far more sense. Also, in Richard III, we do not... Free Essays on Richard III Vs. Looking For Richard Free Essays on Richard III Vs. Looking For Richard Year 11 English Comparative Essay: â€Å"Richard III† vs. â€Å"Looking for Richard† The differences between McKellen’s â€Å"Richard III† and Pacino’s â€Å"Looking for Richard† should immediately be predicted when you see the first few minutes of each film. On one hand, Richard III begins with an intense gunfight, while on the other hand, in Looking for Richard; Pacino is simply preparing to perform a play. We realise one is actually supposed to be based entirely on the story (Richard III) and the other is essentially a documentary (Looking for Richard). This is easily seen within the characters also. In Richard III, there is no â€Å"Ian McKellen†, only Richard; while in Looking for Richard there is both Pacino and Richard in a sense, as we see Al Pacino playing Richard- if you catch my drift. Al Pacino is basically a character in the movie. In terms of the presentation of the actual play â€Å"Richard III† in both films, the style and setting in which they are presented are completely different also. Both Pacino and McKellen have the same idea in a sense- to portray the play Richard III in such a fashion as to be understood by the audience. In Looking for Richard, Pacino tries to find the thoughts and opinions of regular people on Shakespeare, in order to create a movie explaining (in a simplistic fashion) what â€Å"Richard III† is about. Pacino decides to use the play’s original setting in order to do this. However, in Richard III, McKellen places the play in a setting people today understand and can relate to: a dark period identical in its appearance to World War II. In terms of their success I believe Richard III does a better job of conveying the theme and story to the audience, because unlike Looking for Richard, the movie is fluent, not cutting from a scene to street talk, etc. Also, most people find the traditional setting quite confusing, the WWII setting making far more sense. Also, in Richard III, we do not...

Review Writing Lessons

Review Writing Lessons Review Writing Lessons Review Writing Lessons By Sharon When I was trying to build up a store of online writing clips, I found myself doing a lot of reviews. They were short pieces of writing, but they packed a lot of information into a couple of paragraphs. I also learned a lot about what readers are looking for and how to write to get their attention. Here are some tips for writing reviews. As with most pieces of online writing, your first chance to grab your reader is with the title. Sometimes this is descriptive, such as the one Ive used for this post; at other times it offers a hint of what is to come, with a bit of a teaser to get readers interested. One of my most successful posts on another (now defunct) blog was titled How I Put My Site On Steroids. The next most important part is the intro or lead, which gives you a chance to expand on the title. Keep it short, though, because when youre done youll need to describe the product or service. This is similar to the 6Ws of news writing. Readers want to know what the product is in detail. After all, this is going to help them with a buying decision. When writing reviews, the description is usually followed by the users experience with the product. This gives readers practical information that they can use and answers the whats in it for me? question. All readers want to know this. Not only are you telling them about the subject that they are reading about, but youre also telling them why they should ever read anything youve written again. Finally, theres the summary. Usually this is a couple of sentences giving your overall impression of the product. Writing reviews is similar to the well known advice: Tell them; tell them what youve told them; tell them again. It also works well for many types of writing intended for an online audience. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeOn Behalf Of vs. In Behalf OfUsing "zeitgeist" Coherently

Basseri of Iran Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Basseri of Iran - Research Paper Example One definition offered for pastoral nomads is that they are â€Å"societies specializing in animal husbandry requiring periodic movement† (Barfield, 1984). For such societies, â€Å"animal husbandry is †¦an ideal way of making a living† and â€Å"movement of all or part of the society is considered a normal and natural part of life† (Barfield, 1984). Another interesting aspect of this people is that in the modern context, though they may be making more income out of activities other than pastoralism, still â€Å"the concept of nomadic pastoralism remains central to their own identities† (Barfield, 1984). Generations who have remained pastoral nomads have instilled a unique culture into this people, which cannot be erased by modernity that easily. Phillips (2001) has observed that â€Å"Basseri are true nomads, sometimes moving camp nearly everyday† (p.286). Studies (Phillips, 2001) about Basseri have shown that a group of Basseris may establish and re-erect their tent on an average of â€Å"120 times a year† (p.286). As seasons change, they follow a route that take them into pastures along the valleys and also help their cattle cope with the rising temperatures (Philipps, 2001, p.286). During summer, thus they reach the high altitudes and in the autumn, commence the return journey to the valleys (Philipps, 2001, p.286). In this way, Basseri is a people constantly on the move. And the movement in their life is connected with their primary mode of subsistence. A section of these nomads have now become sedentary while another major section still remains true to their nomadic culture (Philipps, 2001, p.283). Primary mode of subsistence As discussed above, the primary mode of subsistence for Basseri tribe has been pastoralism. They have a pattern of â€Å"annual movement cycles† which make them travel according to the climate and availability of grass for their cattle (Marx, 1977, p.344). They are also seen to mo ve around based on â€Å"subsistence units†, which are specific areas that they move into under the norm that it is their â€Å"territory† (Marx, 1977, p.344). The livelihood of Basseri tribe has been by selling meat and skin, and other pastoral products (Tapper, 1997, p.21). Anthropologists have even named the pastoral and nomadic tribes of Iran as â€Å"units of subsistence†, a nomenclature indicative of how the very mode of subsistence becomes their socio-cultural identity. Pastoralist Being pastoral does not mean that the only subsistence of a society is pastoralism. Instead such a nomenclature is just indicative that â€Å"as long as economic alternatives are insecure, and pastoralism serves as the economic base, †¦people are justly called pastoral nomads† (Marx, 1977, p.344). But the more important aspect, as discussed above is that pastoralism is always â€Å"the mainstay of their culture† (Marx, 1977, p. 344). Another fact is that past oralism is found to develop only in places where â€Å"water is seasonally in short supply† (Marx, 1977, p.345). In the deserts of Middle East, every year, there are alternating dry and wet spells of weather. It is to cope with this climatic condition that Basseri tribe became nomadic and pastoral. Culture The Basseri culture is distinct with strong ties of kinship, which has resulted in the formation of independent families who inhabit a tent.

Internet Protocol V.6 (IPv6) Deployment and Security Concerns Essay

Internet Protocol V.6 (IPv6) Deployment and Security Concerns - Essay Example This paper will present a detailed analysis of the new version of the internet protocol (IPV6) and security issues and deployment concerns of the newest version of this Internet Protocol (IPv6). This paper will also follow the current problems with current Internet Protocol (IPv4) and related security issues. Hasenstein (1997) states that the the research and develoment on the internet protocol was started in the 1960s, the computing environment was not the like as it is nowadays. In addition, there was less number of consumers of internet as compared to today. At that time the telecommunications lines used to support the high-speed networks were not so powerful, quick, and error-free as they are today. Also, the appli ­cations transmitted over the internet involved smaller data packets, and there was not such a demand to transmit them in real time. As these demands on the internet began to grow, the designers and developers decided to create a modern and up-to-date internet protocol by taking the advantage of the current technology. Consequently, IPv4 was created (Hasenstein; Blumenthal and Clark; R. M. Hinden). According to Hinden (2003), the internet protocol version 6 is the advanced generation Internet Protocol version 4 that was intended to improve the features of IPv4. In addition, internet protocol version 4 was widespread in use that is still in dominant utilization. This IP4 version is the internet layer protocol intended for internetworks of packet-switched method. The fundamental driving force for the renovation of the internet protocol was the anticipated internet protocol version 4 addresses exhaustion that are reduced by increased number of users and machines connected to the internet. The newer version IPv-6 was initially released in December 1998 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The IETF has published an internet standard specification

Strategic Management Essay Example for Free

Strategic Management Essay Having read a case study about the Apple computer company, I as the senior manager of my company have decided to perform a SWOT analysis about the company.   This is in a close attempt of developing various strategies to improve my company whose turn over seems to be falling of recently.  Ã‚   The Apple company is doing well with relatively a high increasing annual profit and indeed high rate of expansion where it has even opened other distributory branches all over the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The company has a highly intensified marketing and advertisement probe.   In the recent past, it has held a diversified advertisement campaign through the media, Internet, newspapers, and even sales promotions.   Due to this marketing campaign, people have been able to have awareness about the product of the company.   Perhaps, this is what causes the company sales to be growing in such a high manner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It has a good cooperate governance in its administration structure, where the responsibilities of each party are well defined.   All the members in this administration works in conjunction with one another and the offices of different administrators are allocated with different responsibilities.   For example, there is the office of the human resource manager, financial manager, marketing, logistics and project manager.   The company decisions are determined by a Board of directors. (Drejer, 2002, p. 81)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The company depicts a good costing system, where optimatility in resource allocation is fostered in marketing, logistics, company administrative performance and other related costing areas.   It has exercised an optimal allocation of its resources which includes, service rendering, product, administrative and human resource capital. (Warner, 2001, p.56)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Technology is highly developed in the company, where most of the tasks and responsibilities are performed with high technical methods. The company has been perceived to use high computerized network in its administration.   Either, it has employed developed and advanced technical methods, where financial, human resource, sells and distribution and logistics databases are said to be highly pronounced.   Such technological development is said have improved efficiency above quality and optimality in resource allocations. (Roney, 2004, p.48)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The company has maintained a good financial management system where the financial data analysis has been done by advanced computerized accounting system.   The management and human resource capital in the financial department comprises of highly academically qualified personnel’s.   Over the years, the company audited results have been voted as good results.  Ã‚   The finance department is also manned by high regulations that entail only performance by its workers under strict regulations. (Roney, 2004, p. 51)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is depicted to have a good human resource capital, where high qualified professionals have been employed to man different offices and departments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Either, the company is depicted to have a strategy in its operations; its operations consist of many branches, agents and brokers all over the country.   It has also engaged in other methods of sales where it is having deliveries of good and services to the customer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However the same company is affected by some weakness.   Firstly, it is having a too authoritative and self-decision making top management.   Rather than initiating the voice of the shareholder and other third parties to be business, the top management has been the sole decision maker in the company.   This constitutes too excessive powers of the directors and top branch managers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Either the company has seemed to make different diversified allocations on financial expenditure in marketing and forming further expansion.   This is a weakness as it may ruin excessive expenditure by the company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Due to its current good performing nature, the company is able to perform and expand more.   In respect to its strategies, it is able to compete well in the highly competitive market.   Perhaps the current expansion and development in the company can be attributed to its mode of strategies in management.   If the company continues to use such strategies, it will be able to compete more with its competitors and even have a expansion and related profit turnovers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite the good performance of the Apple Company, its authoritative top administration is a big threat to its expansion.   This brings the problem of managerialism, whereby the activities of a company are totally determined by the management.   This is a threat in its financial system in which the top management may squander/misuse the company’s finances.   Such an authoritative administration is a threat to the company’s expansion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because my company depicts to have strategic weakness in its management the solution to this would be to compliment with development in management strategies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Firstly, my company lacks good corporate governance which has lead to conflicts in its management.  Ã‚   There are no clear regulations as to the roles of different parties in its administration.   Therefore it would be important to ensure such good governance and more so, delicate duties adequately to all its offices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My company has performed poor in its market campaign in product awareness to our customers.   This is an important area if our company is to improve.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Elsewhere, my company has been using low level of technological orientation, where most of the duties have been performed manually and inconsistency in data and information availability.   If the company is to improve therefore, it has to improve its information technology for more databases for easy availability of information.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since we have had poor costing system, improving on such would ultimately mean lower cost and hence higher profit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My company has also had weaknesses in allocating its resources.   Our resource allocation has not been to a full and optimal scale.  Ã‚   Some resources have been under utilized and misallocated.   However, expansion of our company ultimately calls for improvement in allocation of its resources. References   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Warner, M. (2001) Comparative Management: Critical Perspectives on Business and Management London; Routledge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Roney, C. (2004) Strategic Management Methodology: Generally Accepted Principle for Practitioners, Westport, CT: Praeger   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Drejer, A. (2002) Strategic Management and Core Competencies: Theory and Application.   West Port, CT: Quorum Books.

It is Time to Raise Teachers Salaries Essays -- Argumentative Persuasi

It is Time to Raise Teachers Salaries    Offer me enough money, and I will do almost anything.   Why?   Because I can exchange money for goods and services, and I want goods and services.    My willingness to ``do things'' for money can be explained by the fundamental economics principle of supply and demand: without much exception, an increase in demand for a good or service increases the price of that good and service, and an increase in supply of a good or service decreases the price of that good or service.   In other words, given a large free market economy and a lot of dough, you can accomplish almost anything.   Hence, if my ``goods'' or ``services'' are in high enough demand (the price is high enough), then I will submit to the wonders of capitalism.    Now, there is widespread belief that United States primary and secondary education is not as exemplary as it can and should be (and definitely not as exemplary as say, er, our military).   There are of course a myriad of reasons why our basic education system should be exemplary, all of which basically boil down to the supposition that we need educated people to maintain (and increase!) US prosperity.   I suggest that we use our current prosperity (money) and our free market economy to bolster our education system.   We can acquire more able teachers by raising teacher salaries, thereby increasing the effectiveness of our childrens' education and, in turn, prosperity.    In terms of supply and demand, the supply is measured by the size of the pool of available teaching jobs, and the demand is measured by how many people want them.   If there are not enough teaching j... ...an to 'educate' anyways?    In 1997 (according to the 1998 Digest of Education Statistics -- http://nces.ed.gov/pubs99/1999036.pdf), students' combined SAT scores steadily rose from 856 to 1116 in positive correlation with parental education, from high school dropout to graduate degree.   A similar correlation existed with family income: 873 for families making less than $10,000, increasing to 1130 for families making more than $100,000.    Perhaps parenting matters more than teaching, or perhaps more educated parents bought 'better' education with their higher salaries (through private schooling and/or by living in more affluent school districts). Perhaps both.   Regardless, the free market principles are clear: more money yields higher test scores and higher test scores yields more money.    Invest in prosperity.

Corporate Sponsorship Essay

Although ephemeral, our high school years are the most important. Our grades and education can determine what colleges accept us, and sports scholarships can also play a major role. However, if schools don’t have the necessary funding to support students education and sporting programs, it poses a major problem for college acceptance. High school Corporate sponsorship solves this unnecessary conflict. Corporate sponsors give funding to improve school and sports facilities. Admittedly, some people are concerned that corporate funding may defile students education through biased material. This concern is grandly grotesque for corporate funding does not interfere with students education, but in fact offers them a better education through up-date-materials and facilities. High school corporate sponsorships have a variety of positive effects on high school students education and sports opportunities. With sporting brands like Nike, Adidas, and Under Armor, schools are given funding for uniforms, new fields, gyms, and other sports facilities. This helps better sporting programs, making it more likely for students to be offered sports scholarships for college. Also certain advertising companies offer schools funding for new materials like textbooks, computers, iPads, and smart boards, in return for advertisement. These new and up-to-date materials help improve students education and interests them in what being taught. Also this school funding limits budget and teacher cuts, allowing for smaller class sizes and extracurricular programs like art and music. These changes offer students a well rounded education which many colleges are interested in. Being a high school student, I offer an empirical opinion that having funding for sports gives me a better opportunity to succeed and having up-to-date school materials keeps me interested in learning and I often pay more attention in class. Although corporate sponsorship offers many great opportunities, some gibe at the thought. A small percentage of people are concerned that corporate sponsorship may interfere with students learning, stating that the corporation may include biased material in the books they’re funding for, ergo polluting students education with false material. However, these  concerns are chaff, and I elucidate that there is no need for concern. Corporate sponsors have little influence in educational information, but in fact make educational information more current and available through their funding. Corporate sponsors can impact students nation and worldwide with the funding opportunities they offer. Many remain uneducated about its positive effects and how largely this could impact students like me. High school student have a better chance at a brighter future if only we were given the opportunity to succeed, and that involves the right facilities; the answer is corporate sponsorship.

Gift of Magi Analysis Essay

The short story â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† uses elements from â€Å"How to Read Literature Like a Professor† in chapter 7 called â€Å"†¦Or the Bible.† The short story includes biblical references concerning the main theme of sacrifice and the gifts from the heart. The story also includes references to people from the Christian bible. Starting off with the title they even use a biblical reference with the â€Å"Magi.† â€Å"The Bible is full of possible titles,† from how to read literature like a professor. The Magi were in the New Testament and they were the wise men from the East who brought gifts to baby Jesus on the first Christmas. Christmas, which is a big part of the story, is also a biblical reference to the Christian religion. â€Å"O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.† Its said in the story that Della’s hair would envy the Queen of Sheba. It also says that Jim’s watch would envy King Solomon. The Queen of Sheba and King Solomon both are famous figures from the Old Testament. Queen of Sheba and King Solomon are both known to be very rich. The comparison of Della’s hair and Jim’s watch to Queen of Sheba and King Solomon shows how important and precious those items are to Della and Jim. The story is also biblically related because Della and Jim give up the one of the most important things to them to buy presents for each other. That shows how much they love each other. This story also represents sacrifice. â€Å"Instead the story resonates with the richness of distant antecedes, with the power of accumulated myth.†

Definition and Examples of the Amelioration of Words

Definition and Examples of the Amelioration of Words Definition In linguistics, amelioration is the upgrading or elevation of a words meaning, as when a word with a negative sense develops a positive one. Also called melioration or elevation. Amelioration is less common than the opposite historical process, called  pejoration. See Examples and Observations below. See also: EtymologyFive Words That May Not Mean What You Think They MeanHow Word Meanings ChangeLanguage ChangeSemantic ChangeStatus-Word EtymologyFrom the Latin, better. Examples and Observations NiceThe word nice is a classic example of amelioration . . .. This is a rare occurrence, compared with the opposite process of pejoration, or downgrading.The meaning of nice when it first appeared in Middle English (about 1300) was (of persons or their actions) foolish, silly, simple; ignorant, senseless, absurd. . . . A shift away from disparagement began in the 1500s, with such meanings as requiring or involving great precision or accuracy. . . .The movement toward amelioration reached its apex in the 1800s with such meanings as kind and considerate, friendly.(Sol Steinmetz, Semantic Antics: How and Why Words Change Meanings. Random House, 2008)DizzyA possible example of amelioration during ME [Middle English] might be, depending on ones viewpoint, the word dizzy. In OE [Old English] it meant foolish, a meaning that survives marginally in such expressions as a dizzy blonde; but by ME its primary meaning was suffering from vertigo.(C. M. Millward and Mary Hayes, A Biography of the E nglish Language, 3rd ed. Wadsworth, 2011) Amelioration and DeteriorationAmelioration, whereby a word takes on favorable connotations and deterioration whereby it takes on pejorative associations, are often telling indications of social change. There is a particularly pregnant category ably defined by C.S. Lewis as the moralization of status words (1960) . . .. By this process terms originally denoting status and class slowly acquired moral connotations, favorable and otherwise, evaluative of the moral conduct commonly attributed to that class. Hence, villain, a medieval serf, and Anglo-Saxon ceorl, still lower in the hierarchy, deteriorated to villain and churlish, while noble and gentle, predictably, rose in moral connotations. In more recent times, the steady amelioration of ambitious and aggressive reveals a change in attitude towards those who seek advancement or success in a highly competitive fashion.(Geoffrey Hughes, Words in Time: A Social History of the English Vocabulary. Basil Blackwell, 1988)Amelioration and Verb icideSometimes amelioration involves weakening of an originally strongly negative meaning: so, annoy is from Late Latin inodiare to make loathsome, in turn from the Latin phrase mihi in odio est it is hateful to me . . .. Likewise, terribly and awfully have weakened to become alternatives for very. [Geoffrey] Hughes (1988) associates this type of amelioration with the popular press, and labels it verbicide, citing tragedy which can now, in journalistic usage, be applied to an earthquake killing thousands or to a missed goal in football.(April M. S. McMahon, Understanding Language Change. Cambridge University Press, 1999) Pronunciation: a-MEEL-ya-RAY-shun

Battle of the River Plate - World War II

Battle of the River Plate - World War II The Battle of the River Plate was fought December 13, 1939, during World War II (1939-1945). With World War II looming, the German Deutschland-class cruiser Admiral Graf Spee was dispatched from Wilhelmshaven to the South Atlantic. On September 26, three weeks after hostilities commenced, Captain Hans Langsdorff received orders to begin commerce raiding operations against Allied shipping. Though classified as a cruiser, Graf Spee was the product the treaty restrictions placed on Germany after World War I which prevented the Kriegsmarine from building warships exceeding 10,000 tons. Utilizing a variety of new construction methods to save weight, Graf Spee was powered by diesel engines instead of the typical steam engines of the day. While this allowed it to accelerate more rapidly than most ships, it required the fuel to be processed and cleaned before use in the engines. The separation system for processing the fuel was placed aft of the funnel but above the ships deck armor. For armament, Graf Spee mounted six 11-inch guns making it much more powerful than a normal cruiser. This increased firepower led British officers to refer to the smaller Deutschland-class ships as pocket battleships. Royal Navy Commodore Henry Harwood1 heavy cruiser, 2 light cruisers Kriegsmarine Captain Hans Langsdorff1 pocket battleship Tracking Graf Spee Obeying his orders, Langsdorff immediately began intercepting Allied shipping in the South Atlantic and southern Indian Oceans. Having success, Graf Spee captured and sank several Allied vessels, leading the Royal Navy to dispatch nine squadrons south to find and destroy the German ship. On December 2, the Blue Star liner Doric Star succeeded in radioing a distress call before being taken by Graf Spee off South Africa. Responding to the call, Commodore Henry Harwood, leading the South American Cruiser Squadron (Force G), anticipated than Langsdorff would next move to strike the River Plate estuary. The Ships Clash Steaming towards the South American coast, Harwoods force consisted of the heavy cruiser HMS Exeter and the light cruisers HMS Ajax (flagship) and HMS Achilles (New Zealand Division). Also available to Harwood was the heavy cruiser HMS Cumberland which was refitting in the Falkland Islands. Arriving off the River Plate on December 12, Harwood discussed battle tactics with his captains and began maneuvers in search of Graf Spee. Though aware that Force G was in the area, Langsdorff moved towards the River Plate and was spotted by Harwoods ships on December 13. Initially unaware that he was facing three cruisers, he ordered Graf Spee to accelerate and close with the enemy. This ultimately proved a blunder as Graf Spee could have stood off and hammered the out-ranged British ships with its 11-inch guns. Instead, the maneuver brought the pocket battleship within the range of Exeters 8-inch and the light cruisers 6-inch guns. With the German approach, Harwoods ships implemented his battle plan which called for Exeter to attack separately from the light cruisers with the goal of splitting Graf Spees fire. At 6:18 AM, Graf Spee opened fire on Exeter. This was returned by the British ship two minutes later. Shortening the range, the light cruisers soon joined the fight. Firing with a high degree of accuracy the German gunners bracketed Exeter with their third salvo. With the range determined, they hit the British cruiser at 6:26, putting its B-turret out of action and killing all of the bridge crew except the captain and two others. The shell also damaged the ships communications network requiring conning instructions to be passed via a chain of messengers. Crossing in front of Graf Spee with the light cruisers, Harwood was able to draw fire off Exeter. Using the respite to mount a torpedo attack, Exeter was soon hit by two more 11-inch shells which disabled A-turret and started fires. Though reduced to two guns and listing, Exeter succeeded in striking Graf Spees fuel processing system with an 8-inch shell. Though his ship appeared largely undamaged, the loss of the fuel processing system limited Langsdorff to sixteen hours of usable fuel. Around 6:36, Graf Spee reversed its course and began laying smoke as it moved west. Continuing the fight, Exeter was effectively put out of action when water from a near miss shorted out the electrical system of its one functioning turret. To prevent Graf Spee from finishing off the cruiser, Harwood closed with Ajax and Achilles. Turning to deal with the light cruisers, Langsdorff returned their fire before withdrawing under another smokescreen. After diverting another German attack on Exeter, Harwood unsuccessfully attacked with torpedoes and suffered a hit on Ajax. Pulling back, he decided to shadow the German ship as it moved west with the goal of attacking again after dark. Following at a distance for the remainder of the day, the two British ships occasionally exchanged fire with Graf Spee. Entering the estuary, Langsdorff made a political error in making port at Montevideo in neutral Uruguay rather than the friendlier Mar del Plata, Argentina to the south. Anchoring a little after midnight on December 14, Langsdorff asked the Uruguayan government for two weeks to make repairs. This was opposed by British diplomat Eugen Millington-Drake who argued that under the 13th Hague Convention Graf Spee should be expelled from neutral waters after twenty-four hours. Trapped in Montevideo Advised that few naval resources were in the area, Millington-Drake continued to press for the ships expulsion publically while British agents arranged to have British and French merchant ships sail every twenty-four hours. This invoked Article 16 of the convention which stated: A belligerent war-ship may not leave a neutral port or roadstead until twenty-four hours after the departure of a merchant ship flying the flag of its adversary. As a result, these sailings held the German ship in place while additional forces were marshaled. While Langsdorff lobbied to for time to repair his ship, he received a variety of false intelligence which suggested the arrival of Force H, including the carrier HMS Ark Royal and battlecruiser HMS Renown. While a force centered on Renown was en route, in reality, Harwood had only been reinforced by Cumberland. Completely deceived and unable to repair Graf Spee, Langsdorff discussed his options with his superiors in Germany. Prohibited from allowing the ship to be interned by the Uruguayans and believing that certain destruction awaited him at sea, he ordered Graf Spee scuttled in the River Plate on December 17. Aftermath of the Battle The fighting off the River Plate cost Langsdorff 36 killed and 102 wounded, while Harwoods ships lost 72 killed and 28 wounded. Despite severe damage, Exeter made emergency repairs in the Falklands before undergoing a major refit in Britain. The ship was lost following the Battle of the Java Sea in early 1942. With their ship sunk, the crew of Graf Spee was interned in Argentina. On December 19, Langsdorff, seeking to avoid allegations of cowardice, committed suicide while lying on the ships ensign. Following his death, he was given a full funeral in Buenos Aires. An early victory for the British, the Battle of the River Plate ended the threat of German surface raiders in the South Atlantic. Sources Royal New Zealand Navy: Battle of the River PlateLangsdorff of the Graf Spee

Personal Computer, Desired Requirements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Computer, Desired Requirements - Essay Example He can buy a powerful computer now or buy an inexpensive computer and plan for its upgrade in the future. Some computer vendors offer leasing programs that allows upgrade of the computer every 2 to3 years. It is also worthwhile to browse the website of large computer manufacturers to see the latest technology and the price. He can also ask friends, fellow students or co-workers in similar line of work as to what computer are they using, where they bought them, if there were any problems, and whether they are happy with their choices. One can buy a top-of-the-line model with an eye towards keeping the computer for years. Some buy the basic version of the fastest computer they can afford, and add extra memory, a sound card and speakers, a DVD drive, a larger monitor, and/or a printer over time. More sophisticated applications require faster computers, more memory, more disk space, and other resources. In general, the newer the computer, the better for the owner to take advantage of the new programs, internet resources, and the latest computing and presentation applications. In the case of laptop computers, newer models are faster and lighter, in addition to offering better displays, more memory, and more disk storage. Be prepared to spend at least $1,000 to $2,000 for a general-purpose computer. There are desktop computers whose price range for anywhere from $400 to $10,000. One should budget for hardware and software such as Microsoft and Adobe products. Word processing and spreadsheet software can be purchased with most systems. There may also be need for other software for communications, graphics, and specialized projects. The mostly widely used operating systems are Windows 2000 or Macintosh. Apple computers run using Macintosh. Other brands run on Windows 2000. Macintosh is easier to set up, learn, and to use because it has more easy-to-use built-in software. DOS/Windows systems are less expensive for similar processing speed. Windows 2000, together with Linux and Unix, are more flexible as it can allow multiple users to use the same computer at the same time and/or different times; capable of supporting and utilizing more than one computer processor; capable of allowing multiple software processes to run at the same time; and allow different parts of a software program to run concurrently. The choice of the operating system and software will depend on the use of the computer - will the computer be used for basic tasks or to meet special requirements Do you intend to connect the computer to the office or school server Decide if you are better served by the PC/Windows platform or the Macintosh. Look at the system components and determine if they will suit your needs. When buying a new computer, look for a system with a Pentium 2.8 to 3.2 gigahertz (GHz) processor. The processor is considered the brain of the computer the most important part of a computer and its speed determines how quickly the processor can execute computer code. The amount of random-access memory (RAM) or system memory is another very important part of a computer system because it has the largest influence on performance of the new operating systems. One can buy as much RAM that one can afford. At the minimum, it is preferable to buy not less that 256 megabytes (MB) or 512 MB. For a Macintosh, it should be at least 256 MB. The hard drive space required is dependent on the types of installed applications. General

Beach resorts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Beach resorts - Essay Example In this context, the analysis of the characteristics of beach resorts requires the reference to beach, which is a prerequisite for the establishment of a beach resort. Beaches are areas that meet the following criteria: ‘a) they are common property, b) they are highly dynamic energy systems and c) tourism is the main coastal activity on them’ (Botero and Hurtado 2009: 133). Beach resorts have been related to specific issues as of their development, management and operations. These issues are highlighted in the literature. In regard to their development, beach resorts need to be aligned with the standards set by local authorities for establishing a business in beach resorts. The above requirement is necessary only for beach resorts that are also used as centers of business activities. This means that all businesses established near beach resorts have to meet specific conditions and cannot expand their operations above the limits set by the relevant laws. When referring to beach resort as a coastal system, then a different approach would be used for explaining its development. The development of such system refers to a series of activities that need to take place so that a beach can be used by people for recreational purposes, which are among the key purposes of the specific systems. In the above case, the term development refers to projects for cleaning the beach and for taking measures so that the safety of any person that would use the beach is secured, as possible. Of course, they are coastal areas in which no development task has taken place and which are often characterized as beaches just because the have the characteristics of such ecosystem. For example, a coastal area which is not organized, being far from a residential area with no access to facilities for covering basic needs, such as food or cleaning, can be considered as a beach, a practice that would not be correct: such place is not a beach but it is a coastal area. Beaches are usuall y organized for providing to their visitors access to basic facilities. In the context of this study emphasis is given on beach resorts as systems related to business activities, such as the Marriott’s Marbella Beach Resort the characteristics of which are explored below. The development of beach resorts as areas where business activities are developed, needs to be combined with appropriate management plans otherwise any expected benefits would be eliminated. More specifically, in the case of beach resorts, management refers to activities such as the monitoring, periodically, of the condition of the beach in terms of litter accumulated, of damages that have been possible caused on certain of the area’s elements due to weather or due to human activities, of pollution caused by residential or business blocks that are established near to the coast and so on. Other activities, such as the gathering of funds for supporting projects required for keeping the beach clean or fo r other needs of the beach, can be also incorporated in beach resort management. In regard to the operations of beach resorts, emphasis should be given to the following fact: the conditions on which the daily operations of a beach resort will be based are set in the context of the resort’s management plan. In the specific plan the objectives that the particular resort has to achieve are defined; these objectives can be achieved only if an effective management plan

Drug abuse Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Drug abuse - Statistics Project Example For example, people who use marijuana, heroin, or cocaine may not concentrate on social development because they feel satisfied with their present situation. On some occasions, the drug user may break from family roles, detached, wretched, or depressed. These outcomes of drug use hinder individual contribution to social growth. 3. Drug culture tends to provide satisfaction to the drug users. As argued by Isajiw (156), people who use drug usually build some mental pictures about a given social state. The Asian and the Blacks slaves working in America, for example, used cocaine and marijuana to relieve their stresses, enabled them to cope with the hard conditions. 4. Drug use, as a social problem, influences relationship between the drug user and his or her immediate community. In this sense, consumption of certain drugs poses threat to the society. The social fabric usually depends on an individual ability to adhere to social structures. However, drug use tends to influence individual interpretation to social demand. 5. Drugs affect the normal body function because it interferes with brain cells. Theo and Jim (229), in their book, Social Problems, observed that some social problems such mood disorders, depression, among others are shaped by chemicals concentration in the brain. As a person uses a drug, the chemicals in the drag flow into the blood stream to the human brain. Once the chemicals reach the brain, they interfere with the normal body

Social Construct Of Mental Illness Stigmatization Sociology Essay

Social Construct Of Mental Illness Stigmatization Sociology Essay In order to begin this essay it is worth outlining some of the meanings behind the terms mental illness and stigma. Mental illness is a conceptually problematic term as there as different ways of speaking about normal and abnormal behaviour (Pilgrim and Rogers, 1999). It can broadly be described as a type of health problem which affects an individuals thoughts, feelings and the way they interact around other people. It also has a cognitive dimension as it can affect anybody at any time and may be temporary or permanent (Pilgrim, 2005). Scheff (1984) discusses the medicalisation of mental illness, he argues that residual deviance (pg. 36) can refer to the variety of conditions which are held under the umbrella term of mental illness simply because they do not come under any other category, such as criminal. Essentially, any form of unacceptable or deviant behaviour which is not classed in other ways, becomes a form of mental illness. Scheffs approach uses labelling theory to discuss m ental health; this is something I will turn to later. Surveys have revealed that the majority of us are acquainted with mental illness and are familiar with it damaging effects either through a friend or relative etc. 15% of us have had a mental health problem ourselves (Layard, 2005). Stigma can be defined as the social consequences of negative attributions about a person based upon stereotype. In the case of people with mental health problems, it is presumed that they lack intelligibility and social competence and that they are dangerous (Pilgrim, 2005, pg 157). Goffman (1963) argued that stigma spoils a persons social identity, it creates a gap between a typical, ordinary social identity which we expect others to have and our real social identity. It disrupts everyday social interaction because normal individuals do not know how to behave with stigmatized individuals and vice versa (pg. 15). Goffman identified three types of stigma, stigma deriving from physical defects or abnorm alities, stigma of race and religion and finally perceived blemishes of individual character this includes such things as sexuality, political beliefs and mental health (Goffman, 1963, pg. 14). Goffmans work is very important in discussing the complexities of stigma and discrimination and I plan to use his work throughout this essay. Skinner et al (1995) argue that a hierarchy of stigma exists in which inferior social statuses such as prostitute and alcoholic are ranked. They identified mental illness as being at the bottom of the hierarchy. The stigma of mental illness is different from others because it involves changes in behaviour which attracts negative judgment by others. It makes people wander about an individuals stability and whether they pose a risk to themselves or others (Bury, 2005). In order to better understand the stigma of mental illness it is necessary to conduct research into the lay views held amongst the public, this includes accounts from people with mental health problems (MHP) who discuss their experiences, and also the views of those without MHP (Pilgrim, 2005). A qualitative study by Dinos et al (2004) which researched the experiences of 46 people with a mental illness revealed that stigma was a major concern to most of the participants. Stigma defines individuals in terms of their mental illness and has the potential to impact on all aspects of life. Goffman (1963) formulated stigma into a double perspective, the first is obvious to others and cannot be hidden. He referred to this as discrediting. The second type is discreditable and is not necessarily noticeable to others (pg. 14). With this form the problem is managing personal information, whether this means hiding the fact that they have a mental illness, or hiding the nature and extent of the c ondition. Dinos et al (2004) found that the management of information was a major problem and a potent source of stress, anxiety and further feelings of stigma even in the absence of any direct discrimination (pg. 176). Some of the patients chose to downplay their illness by telling others it was another type, such as depression. Experiences of stigma were also dependent on the nature of the illness, those with depression and anxiety were more likely to feel stigmatized. While those with schizophrenia and bi-polar disorder were more likely to experience physical and verbal attacks. The effects of stigma can be extremely damaging, individuals may feel depersonalized, rejected and disempowered (Pilgrim, 2005, pg 158). This can lead to isolation and an acceptance of the treatment received as justified. This in turn can cause a further decline in their health (Dinos, et al, 2004). In terms of lay views of mental health held amongst the public, these are usually ones of distrust and sometimes hostility. Many people hold stereotypical views of mentally ill people in which psychotic behaviour is expected (Pilgrim, 2005). The influence of the media is important here and is something I will turn to later. Attribution theory (Corrigan et al, 2000 and Bury, 2005) can be used to explain stigma and discriminatory practices. It consists of two aspects, controllability and stability the former refers to the extent to which individuals are responsible for their own mental illness and stability refers to whether the illness can improve over time and to what extent. Studies which use attribution theory reveal that many believe that individuals with MHP are to blame for their illness and do not deserve any sympathy. They believe them to be potentially dangerous and should be avoided. Also, they show no optimism about people reaching recovery (Corrigan, et al, 2000). An examp le of such a study comes from Weiner and colleagues (cited in Corrigan, 2000), they asked 59 students to rate various disability groups according to aspects of controllability and stability, the results revealed that they viewed mental illness much more severely than other illnesses. The widespread stigmatization of mental illness is rooted historically in fear of the unknown, our tendency to attack ridicule or laugh at what we dont understand (Lalani and London, 2006). Since the deinstitutionalization of mental illness and the introduction of care in the community initiatives, this fear of the other has become much more significant as the boundaries between the sane and insane have become blurred. We have a strong need to distance ourselves from things that we fear, therefore the stigma of mental illness is one of panic and hostility. Having discussed the stigma of mental illness and the perceptions held amongst the population in a little more depth, this leaves the question of how it is culturally constructed. Thoits (1985) discusses how we learn to act and feel through repeated social interaction. Our emotions are governed by the norms of society which we internalize from an early age. We know how we should feel in a variety of circumstances e.g. sad at a funeral lively at a party, happy at a wedding, proud on success, angry at an insult and so on. (pg. 224). Equally, we recognize when our behaviour may be viewed as inappropriate to others and learn to control it. For example, big boys dont cry and keep a stiff upper lip (pg. 224). We have a shared awareness of how we ought to behave in the social world, therefore anybody who breaks these norms is subject to ridicule. Thoits develops a theory which contrasts with Scheff (1984). She argues that self-labelling processes are significant in mental health, as people assess their own behaviour and seek professional help voluntarily. Scheff on the other hand focuses on the involuntary nature of mental health treatment and how people come to be defined as mentally ill; his concern lies with the institutionalization of mental illness. The perceptions of people with mental illness held by wider society are ones of devaluation and discrimination (Link cited in Gaebel et al, 2006). When a person is labelled as mentally ill, these conceptions become part of his or her sense of self. Labelling theory is useful in understanding the stigma of mental illness. We react to mental illness is a similar way to crime and the criminal. This approach to deviance focuses on the reaction of others in maintaining and amplifying rule breaking or secondary deviance (Marsh et al, 2000). The labelling process can have a detrimental effect on a persons status and identity. Their old identity is discarded and a new master status label takes its place. In the case of the mentally ill individual, his or her condition comes to define who they are, regardless of the other roles they may have (such as parenthood or their job). Their stigmatized role of mentally ill dominates their existence (Marsh et al, 2000 and Pilgrim, 2005). The negative e ffects of labelling are very clear, research has suggested that employers are less likely to offer jobs to those who have been labelled mentally ill. They are also less likely to be given housing and more likely to have charges made against them for violent crimes. Some studies however, have indicated that labelling has had positive benefits for the individual (Pilgrim, 2005). The main source of information for the general public about mental illness comes from the mass media. The media have come to represent the beliefs and perceptions of wider society and frequently exaggerate events and portray inaccurate stereotypes of people with MHP. There is an unquestioning acceptance in the media of the rising toll of killings as a result of community care (Dunn, 2002). For example, in the Daily Mail (21 February, 2003) the headline 400 care in the community patients living by murder park was printed after a woman was found dead in East London. After discovering that a large number of care in the community patients lived near the park, the police and the media assumed she was murdered by a deranged psychiatric patient living in the community. Headlines like this are not uncommon and newspapers consistently present the image of the dangerous, unstable, incurable mental patient (Lalani and London, 2006). Other examples of hard-hitting headlines include violent, mad. So docs set him free. New community care scandal (The Sun, 26 February 2005) and Bonkers Bruno locked up (The Sun, 22 September 2003). Philo (1996) found that two thirds of news coverage made associations between mental illness and violence, but media depictions are not consistent with the facts about mental health and violence. Home office statistics indicate that there is little or no correlation between violence and mental illness. In reality, people with MHP are more likely to be the victims of crime than the perpetrators (Dunn, 2002). There is a lot of empirical evidence to suggest that the media informs us about mental illness and that their depictions are characteristically inaccurate and unfavourable (Wahl, 1992, pg. 351). Wahl and Roth (cited in Wahl, 1992) found that mentally ill characters in prime time TV shows lacked a social identity. They were usually single, unemployed and described negatively with adjectives like aggressive confused and unpredictable (pg. 345). Man y other studies have produced similar results, with dangerousness and violence being the most common traits of people with MHP. Wahl argues that these portrayals must have an effect on our behaviour and attitudes towards mental illness. Many studies have demonstrated that repeated exposure to media stereotypes in general influences conceptions of social reality (pg. 346). He cites research that demonstrates that heavy viewers of television tend to relate the real world to televisions distorted representations. One study asked students to complete a questionnaire about mental health before and after a viewing of One flew over the cuckoos nest those who saw the film had a less positive view of mental illness than those who hadnt seen it (Wahl, 1992). It is clear then that the overall relationship between the media and the mentally ill is not in dispute: it is one of sensationalism, exaggeration and fear mongering (Lalani and London, 2006). It is important however to mention that not a ll aspects of the media perpetuate negative stereotypes and it can be a useful tool in tackling discrimination and stigma. For many people living with a mental illness, the cultural attitudes of fear, hostility and ignorance has contributed to experiences of isolation and social exclusion. A report by the Citizens advice Bureau (CAB, 2003) revealed that most people with a MHP are unemployed and that those who did have jobs end up leaving because their employers convince them that they are unable to cope. Jo, a mental health service user discussed her experiences at work in a report to the mind inquiry (Dunn, 2002 pg. 11) when she informed her boss that she had to see a psychiatrist his reaction said it all, as soon as mental illness is mentioned people literally back away from you. Pilgrim (2005) highlights that people with MHP are three time as likely to be unemployed than those with physical disabilities. This is mainly because of the attitudes of employers and not because of a lack of willingness on the part of the individual (CAB, 2003). There also exists a disincentive to work for those who are in r eceipt of welfare benefits. For many, their income upon finding work would only increase at a small rate, if it all, and they would lose out on any supplementary benefits such as housing benefits. Further to this is the difficulty in having their benefits reinstated should the job not work out (CAB, 2003). Social exclusion is a complicated and often cyclical process. It can affect a persons access to education, social services and health care. Such limited access to one service can have a knock on effect on others. For example, restricted use of education and training opportunities can sustain unemployment further which in turn contributes to the benefit trap and can of course deepen a persons exclusion and cause a further decline in their health (Dunn, 2002). It is clear then that the social exclusion of people with MHP denies them the basic levels of citizenship, happiness and wealth available to everybody else (Pilgrim, 2005). To conclude, the stigma of mental illness is based on generalizations about insanity. These stereotypes are constructed through feelings of fear and anxiety over things we do not understand and struggle to relate to. There is no doubt that our views of mental illness are completely ungrounded and are transmitted repeatedly through the mass media, thus reinforcing a distorted image in our collective psyche. Stigma is used to identify and expose something abnormal about an individual (Goffman, 1963). However some are critical of the stigma framework and argue that it is too individualistic. If we study the collective discriminatory practices which cause exclusion for many people with mental illness, such as poverty and labour market disadvantage, then strategies for change may be easier to develop (Pilgrim, 2005). Layard (2005) identified mental health as our biggest social problem. It is not just a major health concern, it is a political issue. With such high numbers of people affecte d my mental illness, the costs to the economy are significant. Tackling stigmatization is an essential step in improving the lives of those affected. This involves inclusion of groups themselves, as only those with the knowledge and experience cans suggest what is right for them.

Are There Philosophical Reasons To Promote Gifted Education In The Context Of A Democratic And Egal :: Philosophy Essays

Are There Philosophical Reasons To Promote Gifted Education In The Context Of A Democratic And Egalitarian Society? ABSTRACT: Despite the historical recognition of the importance of the development of individual human potentialities for the group, gifted individuals have not been treated equally. Three reasons are analyzed: (a) the primacy given to institutions over the individual, except those particular cases in which the individual is identified with the institution itself, or invested with the power of one institution; (b) the lack of recognition of the particular needs of gifted individuals; and (c) the assumption of egalitarian ideals inside specific societies. Despite arguments to the contrary, gifted education will be defended. Gifted individuals have special needs. I assume that Hope and Good Will provide enough justification for this public human task. Traditionally defined, education is the social enterprise that preserves the cultural gains of human groups, and transmits them to future generations. As a social tool, education is used to reach collective and individual objectives; it is a common tool that helps to satisfy the needs of both the society as a whole, and each individual in particular. It is also broadly acknowledged that educational endeavors are human efforts to trim, polish, and "improve" our human nature. From a historical perspective, we notice that human societies have provided unequal educational attention to their constituencies. Individuals coming from different socio-economical strata have had access to correspondingly different levels of attention. Usually, those individuals pertaining to a higher strata in the power structure have received the benefits of a major social investment, mainly for the sake of status, regardless of their real capabilities. At this point we need to make explicit the implicit assumption that individual capabilities --wit, talents, genius, temper, neuromusculoskeletal structure, and diverse chemical byproducts-are the historical result of randomly combined factors, including date and place of birth. There is another assumption that should be considered for a mixture of pragmatic and ideological reasons without ignoring that some of its implications convey some internal logical contradictions and, potentially, undesirable effects. Nevertheless, if we assume --for the sake of the argument-- that all human beings are equal, and all have the right to develop their potential to its maximum, then we have to say that fair and systematic attention is not found in the treatment given to the whole class of individuals genetically endowed with special needs --including the gifted ones. Some of them have been neglected in the frame of our highly socio-economical and politically stratified societies.

Gandhi’s Philosophy of Non-Violence Essay

First there was hostility, blood, vandalism, looting, pillaging, and then there was Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi was one of the most influential people in history and fittingly has a place in the pantheon of the visionaries who changed the world. His philosophies of ahimsa and satyagraha, meaning non violence and non violent resistance respectively as a form of civil resistance and disobedience is one of the most prominent and most renowned for its massive implementations throught history. This essay’s aim is to describe the basic principles of ahimsa (non-violence) as it was introduced by Gandhi and bring to light one very important aspect of his teachings, the fact that violence is not only its obvious and apparent physical form, but can also be economic, ethical, political, psychological and educational and the only way for these to be eradicated is through peaceful manifestations. Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence (ahimsa) and non-violent action (satyagraha) is constitu ted by a number of fundamental principles. Thomas Berton, having dedicated his life being drawn into a dialogue between Eastern and Western religions and viewpoints, has made a lot of research on the matter. In his book entitled â€Å"Gandhi on Non Violence: A Selection from the Writings of Mahatma Gandhi† he insightfully states that â€Å"Ahimsa (non violence) is for Gandhi the basic law of our being† (23). Based on this notion, Berton argues that non violence is one of the most valuable beliefs when it comes to public action, because it matches up to man’s instinctive craving for peace, justice, freedom etc. (23). The main principles of Gandhian non violence are respect for other people, understanding, acceptance of the differences of others, appreciating and celebrating diversity, truth and truthfulness, dealing with untruth wherever one finds it, and soaking up pain and agony from any altercation with untruth. According to Berton, â€Å"[s]ince himsa (violence) degrades and corrupts man, to meet forc e with force and hatred with hatred only increases man’s progressive degeneration† (23). In practicing the relational values of non violence we seek to recuperate and renew ourselves, become the change we want to see in the world and eventually demonstrate that people, organizations and governments can move the world toward love and peace pro-actively. Ahimsa gives man the possibility to reinstate impartiality and social order and by no means usurp authority (Berton 23). One aspect of Gandhi’s philosophy that is universally unfamiliar is that of the multidimensionality of violence. Douglas Allen, in his article â€Å"Mahatma Gandhi on Violence and Peace Education† focuses attention on this feature. â€Å"Gandhi, of course is very concerned with violence in the more usual sense of overt physical violence† (Allen 295). However, as Allen correctly points out, such severe explicit violence only comprises a minute quantity of the violence that ought to be dealt with (295). â€Å"For Gandhi, non violence is more than the absence of overt violence; peace i s more than the absence of overt war†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Allen 294). According to Douglas Allen, â€Å"interpreters of violence†, center on obvious demonstrations, such as murdering, injuring, rape etc. while Gandhi focuses on the diverse kinds of violence and how status quo, even when liberated from explicit violent disagreements, is undeniably very aggressive (294). â€Å"These many dimensions of violence interact, [and] mutually reinforce each other†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Allen 295). Gandhi, as Allen rightly illustrates, is very considerate of affairs, in which some who own a lot of money are able to take advantage of and govern those deficient of such supremacy (295). This is a typical example of economic violence. Furthermore, Gandhi uses the term educational violence. â€Å"A professor may use the grade as a weapon to threaten, intimidate, terrorize, and control students, including those who raise legitimate concerns†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Allen 296). Similarly, most political discipline would be analysed by Gandhi as being innately violent, as it actually engages us in a world of â€Å"antagonistic adversarial relations† (Allen 296). All these different kinds of violence, according to Gandhi, can be done away with only through peaceful manifestations and the employment of non violence. In conclusion, non violence is essential to people because it matches their innate will for peace, harmony, freedom and order. Any action of violence degenerates their progress. Violence has many faces, including political, economic, educational, ethical and psychological aspects. Gandhi focuses on such features, as he considers them the big piece out of the pie named violence. Non violence is based on tolerance, acceptance, truth and diversity and gives everyone the possibility to re-establish objectivity and justice, but that can only happen if everyone erases violence from his life. Works Cited Allen, Douglas. â€Å"Mahatma Gandhi on Violence and Peace Education.† Philosophy East and West 57.3 (2007): 290-310. JSTOR. Web. 30 May 2012. Merton, Thomas. Gandhi on Non Violence: A Selection from the Writings of Mahatma Gandhi. New York, NY: New Directions, 1965. Print.

Argumentive Paper on Illegal Downloading of Music

1. Speech Title: Our Modern Day Pirates 2. Speaker/Audience: An environmental activist/local group of environmental activists. 3. Purpose of Speech: EXAMPLE: To convince my audience to take action to preserve the tropical rainforests. 4. Thesis: EXAMPLE: I. Attention A) Alright so who here, and be honest knows that they have illegally downloaded one of their favorite movies, music exct.? (hands will be raised) Ah!!! So there are my thieves B) The usage of illegal downloading has been a huge problem in the creation of the arts.Millions of dollars are being invested into the hard work that’s produced for the enjoyment of the society and is lost. C) For those who don’t know stealing movies or music or anything is against the law. And trust me later on in my speech your going to know how unconstitutional it is to steal. Credibility) I have witnessed one of my fathers friends who was in a band. They were starting to grow into a successful band, opened for kiss at the red roc ks. Soon to come, CDs stop selling and Xirens own money that he put in was lost due to illegal down loads.E Preview) From this speech you will learn 1) how illegal downloading started its affect on artists that supply the music. 2) You will learn Statistics on how it financially affects the music business and others, 3) the consequences of illegal downloading and 4) cheap alternatives to satisfy your needs in hopes to stop this madness. Transition) Lets go back to June the year was 1999. A creator Shwan Fanning Started one of the most unethical practices of file sharing called Napster. II. Body: A. Need: It all started with a simple project that was created called file sharing.File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital stored information such has mp3 or music file. 1. According to an article ( R. I. P Napster) The excuse that Napster promoted for illegal downloading was â€Å"The recorded companies had let them down by only putting on a few hit sing les and fills it up with songs just to get more money. † So Napster was programmed for individuals to select certain songs and not pay for it. When this happened, then millions of others begin to upload their own music and share it with others around the globe.This lead to major copy writes infringements, which eventually put Napster out of business. It was too late though. Now some arguments that I have heard when I ask why do you illegally download music? The response is, the record companies cheat the artists out of their money anyways. They see the record companies as big monsters who are evilly personified. Your basically playing robin hood when you go and download stuff without paying for it. Your ripping off the record companies. You think â€Å"yea were beating this big evil monster†.2. Unfortunately if you only knew the business part of it, the money that is spent on the CDs or on I-tunes goes straight to the big evil monster record companies. Once this happens then the artists who produced that music gets a generous profit from the record company. 3) The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is extremely concerned with the illegal downloading. Since Napster, Music Sales have dropped 47% from loosing 14. 6 billion dollars. (TechDirt. net) From 2004- 2009 30 billion songs were illegally downloaded on file sharing networks. Illegal downloading loses the music industry 12. billion dollars a year, and said from 2004-2009 over 71,000 jobs were lost. This includes not only music artist but sound engineers, technicians, warehouse workers and even record store clerks. Illegal downloading under minds the future of music. by stealing the music you take away the music industries resources it needs to find new talent and holt the uprising of better music. *When we steal and download illegally a copious amount of music then the record companies are not getting enough money and profit to pay the artists. This is when the only outcome is puni shment for participating in this scheme.B. Satisfaction: Its now time that drastic measures must be taken. Just last year a federal jury found a thirty two year old women who was charged 1. 9 million dollars. Charged 80,000 a song and only illegally downloaded 24 songs roughly twenty four bucks with the . 99 cent charge fee on I-tunes. (Digital Media Magazine) Was it worth it? If you are caught the record companies get to decided based off infridment laws how much they can sue in individual. This is just one of the many cases who has been charged according to the copy write laws. S1. One way to stop this problem is to educate others on this subject.According to (Teens less likely to illegal download when they know ) 70% of people who were interviewed had no idea file sharing was illegal. These could be lies due to the fact of being afraid being sued, but 2. With the education on illegal downloading Between 2006-2009 16-20% of illegal downloading has declined, and 15-30% of people we re engaged in legal downloading of music. Transition) *To keep you out of the dog house here are some safe alternatives so you can enjoy your music or in this case movies as well C. Visualization: If you think that there is no other way to satisfy your music/movie needs then think again.Example: I-tunes, Pandora radio, or even Netflix are safe legal ways to accesses music and movies. Netflix is one of the best alternatives to view movies and T. V shows. You only pay 7. 99 a month and receive unlimited movies. Example) Also big Television networks such as NBC,MTV and FOX will let you view episodes of your favorite shows. If we stop the illegal downloading just think of how much support artist will have and money to create even better music! *Now lets turn to some basic tips and a short story that helped me stop illegal downloading.D. Action: 1) Since illegal downloading is such an easy task to do, think to yourself how you can be the domino effect of the down fall of the music indust ry. 2) Now I cant be there sitting over each and everyone of your shoulders and advise your descion to legally download. When I crashed my old computer using a file sharing called KAZA my father was livid. He gave me advice on how to govern my own actions. He asked me if I knew what the definition of character was. With 8 different translations of the word character in Webster dictionary my father came up with the ninth.He said Alex â€Å"Character is based on your actions and morals when no one is watching. Conclusion. Summary: In conclusion you have learned the beginning stages of illegal downloading, and how to combat this situation with safer alternatives. Importance: You saw how important legal down loading can be for the music industry and others, and the importance of supporting musicians by buying their music. Clincher: So just because no one is around and its just you behind the screen of your computer, think to yourself before you download if you’re a thief or a ho norable person.